Pengaruh Teknologi Ramah Lingkungan dan Modal Manusia terhadap Keberlanjutan Perusahaan: Peran Moderasi Investasi Hijau
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran investasi hijau sebagai variabel moderasi dalam hubungan teknologi ramah lingkungan dan efisiensi modal manusia terhadap keberlanjutan perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner berskala Likert 1–5 yang diisi oleh Top Management Team (TMT) perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia, yang menghasilkan 203 responden valid dari 851 perusahaan yang dihubungi, dan data dianalisis menggunakan SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi ramah lingkungan dan efisiensi modal manusia berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keberlanjutan perusahaan. Selain itu, investasi hijau terbukti memperkuat pengaruh teknologi ramah lingkungan terhadap keberlanjutan perusahaan, namun tidak memoderasi hubungan antara efisiensi modal manusia dan keberlanjutan perusahaan. Temuan ini mengimplikasikan pentingnya pengelolaan sumber daya internal dan alokasi investasi hijau dalam meningkatkan daya saing dan keberlanjutan perusahaan di tengah meningkatnya tuntutan praktik bisnis ramah lingkungan. Keterbatasan penelitian terletak pada fokus sampel perusahaan non-keuangan di Indonesia, penggunaan desain cross-sectional, dan pemanfaatan data berbasis persepsi responden, yang berpotensi membatasi generalisasi hasil penelitian. Keterbaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pengujian investasi hijau sebagai variabel moderasi yang masih jarang diteliti pada perusahaan non-keuangan di negara berkembang, sehingga memberikan kontribusi teoretis dan praktis terhadap pengembangan literatur keberlanjutan perusahaan.
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